What type of vision impairment is often progressive and untreatable?

Macular degeneration is a condition that primarily affects the central part of the retina, known as the macula, which is crucial for sharp and detailed vision. This condition is progressive, meaning it tends to worsen over time, leading to a gradual loss of central vision. It is one of the leading causes of vision impairment in older adults and has no known cure, making it especially challenging for those affected.

In contrast, Stargardt's disease is a genetic condition that also leads to vision impairment but can start at a younger age and may have different progression patterns. Hyperphoria and esotropia are types of strabismus or eye misalignment, which can often be treated with various interventions, including surgery or corrective lenses. Thus, the progressive and untreatable nature of macular degeneration distinctly characterizes it as a unique type of vision impairment among the options presented.