What is the primary cause of shaken baby syndrome?

The primary cause of shaken baby syndrome is the forceful shaking of an infant back and forth. This violent action can lead to severe brain injuries, as it causes the brain to move within the skull, resulting in internal bleeding, swelling, and damage to the brain tissue. Infants are particularly vulnerable due to their weak neck muscles and large heads in proportion to their bodies, which makes them unable to withstand such trauma. The symptoms can include irritability, difficulty staying awake, and convulsions, and without immediate medical intervention, it can lead to long-term disabilities or even death.

Other factors listed, such as infections in the brain, neglect and lack of care, and genetic conditions, can contribute to various health issues, but they do not directly cause shaken baby syndrome in the way that physical shaking does. Understanding the mechanism of injury is crucial for prevention and intervention, highlighting the importance of educating caregivers about handling infants safely to avoid such tragedies.