What is glaucoma known to cause?

Glaucoma is primarily recognized for causing damage to the optic nerve, which is crucial for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain. This damage typically occurs as a result of increased intraocular pressure, which can lead to the death of the optic nerve fibers. Over time, this condition can result in peripheral vision loss, and if untreated, it can progress to complete vision impairment.

While the other options relate to various eye conditions, they are not directly associated with glaucoma. Misalignment of the eyes usually involves conditions like strabismus or other muscular issues, scar tissue on the retina is often a result of retinal detachment or other separate ocular disorders, and repetitive movements of the eyes could pertain to issues such as nystagmus or ocular tension, neither of which are primary concerns of glaucoma. Therefore, the option highlighting damage to the retina and optic nerve accurately reflects the significant and well-documented impact of glaucoma on visual health.