How can exposure to ultraviolet light affect vision?

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light can have significant negative effects on vision and overall eye health. The correct choice highlights the relationship between UV exposure and increased risks of cataracts and macular degeneration. Cataracts occur when the lens of the eye becomes clouded, which can result from prolonged exposure to UV radiation. Over time, this exposure can damage the lens and contribute to the development of cataracts, making it cloudy and impairing vision.

Macular degeneration is another serious concern linked to UV exposure. This condition affects the macula, the part of the retina responsible for sharp central vision. UV light can promote oxidative stress in the retina, potentially leading to cellular damage and increasing the risk of developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD). AMD is a leading cause of vision loss in older adults.

In contrast, the other choices do not accurately reflect the impact of UV exposure. UV light does not improve night vision, enhance peripheral vision, or reduce glare sensitivity; rather, these aspects of vision may be negatively affected by poor eye health resulting from UV exposure. Thus, the correct answer appropriately addresses the serious risks associated with UV light and vision-related illnesses.